Understanding Internet Cookies: Essential, Analytics, and More

When you see a pop-up asking you to "Accept cookies," you're encountering a key part of digital privacy today. Not all cookies are created equal.

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What Are Internet Cookies?

Small data files stored on a user's device when interacting with a website. They remember information like:

• Login details
• Shopping carts
• User preferences

Some cookies track users across websites, raising privacy concerns.

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Types of Cookies (By Purpose)

1. Strictly Necessary Cookies

Essential for website functionality:

• Secure login
• Page navigation
• Shopping cart

Consent under GDPR? No consent required but must be disclosed.

2. Performance (Analytics) Cookies

Help site owners understand user interaction:

• Pages visited
• Time spent
• Click paths

Consent under GDPR? Yes. Must be disabled until consent is given.

3. Functionality Cookies

Enhance user experience by remembering choices:

• Language
• Display settings
• Login states

Consent under GDPR? Yes (unless strictly required for a requested service).

4. Targeting or Advertising Cookies

Track users for personalized advertising:

• Browsing behavior
• Ad views and clicks
• Cross-site activity

Consent under GDPR? Yes. High-risk cookies require clear, granular consent.

5. Social Media Cookies

Set by platforms like Facebook or Instagram:

• Content sharing
• Embedded post engagement
• Targeted ads

Consent under GDPR? Yes. Considered third-party marketing cookies.

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Final Takeaway

Cookies power digital experiences but come with privacy obligations. Know the types your site uses to ensure transparency and compliance.

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Sources

• GDPR Recital 30 - Online Identifiers
• EDPB Guidelines on Consent
• CNIL: Cookies and Other Trackers